我一直深受奇幻的海洋吸引 I've always been drawn to the magic of the ocean.
这里的时间好像都慢了下来 It feels like time slows down.
大部分的人凝视太空而感到惊叹 Most people stare up into space with wonder.
然而在我们自己的地球上 就有最特别的世界 Yet, we have this almost-alien world on our own planet...
充满生机 just teeming with life.
但这是大部分的人从未探索过的世界 But it's a world most people never explore.
理查维尔斯 正在以谷歌绘制街道图的方法 Richard Vevers is documenting the oceans' reefs
纪录海洋中的珊瑚礁 the same way Google maps out streets.
每三秒钟拍一张… picture every three seconds.
360度的全景照片 s napping a 360-degree
这里是我们测绘全球珊瑚礁的过程中 This is the 21st country that we've done
来到的第21个国家 as part of a global survey of coral reefs.
潜藏在世界各大海洋表面下的… Hidden below the surface of the world's oceans,
壮观珊瑚园 spectacular gardens of coral.
珊瑚礁是我们吃的许多海鲜 生命的来源 Reefs are where much of the seafood we eat begins life.
珊瑚礁是五亿多人的食物和收入来源 Reefs are a source of food and income for over 500 million people.
重点在于 把它当作科学研究一样 It's really about trying to communicate with science,
试着与科学连结 as much as doing the science itself.
带大家踏上旅程 To take people on a journey.
这场惊人的海底之旅 that incredible journey under the sea,
可能是许多人最近距离 观赏奇特海底景观的一次 which could be the closest many of us come to seeing an exotic underwater site.
只要有网路的人就有机会… Giving anyone with Internet access the chance to go on a virtual dive
以许多不同的测绘视野潜在水中 in many of the survey sites.
（大堡礁）本字幕由CQdongke合并制作
我以前是做广告的 I used to be an ad man.
我在广告业待了十年 I spent ten years in advertising,
在几间伦敦顶尖的广告公司上班 working at some of the top London agencies.
但时间久了你发现自己的对话都是… Over time, you realize you're having these conversations about...
（理查维尔斯 水底摄影师）
跟卫生纸有关…大家会热烈争论 toilet rolls, and it's heated debate.
或是讨论应该贩售四层的卫生纸 And it's about selling four-ply toilet tissue
而不是三层的 rather than three-ply.
然后你心里会想… And you go...
我相信我的人生应该有更好的事能做 "I'm sure there's something better I can be doing with my life."
我从16岁就开始潜水 I've been diving since the age of 16.
以前会常常去寻找草海龙 I used to go looking for these weedy seadragons,
它们是非常惊人的动物 which are these incredible animals.
长得像海马 但其实是身长30公分的海龙 It's like a seahorse, but it's a dragon about a foot long...
大部分的人甚至不知道它们的存在 that most people don't even know exists.
但有一年，它们全部… But then, one year, they were all disappearing
都在我最喜欢的地点消失了 from all my favorite sites.
它们是我在世界上最喜欢的动物之一 You know, this was one of my favorite creatures in the world.
我心想“如果我最爱的生物消失了” And you go, "Well, if it's happening to one of my favorite creatures,
“还有哪些生物也消失了？” what else is it happening to?"
当时我才明白 And that's when I realized
海洋最大的其中一个问题是… one of the biggest issues with the ocean is
大家完全眼不见为净 it is completely out of sight and out of mind,
本质上这就是一个宣传议题 and that, essentially, is an advertising issue.
当我们俯瞰地球 它在已知的宇宙中是独一无二的 You know, when you look at our planet, it's unique in the known universe
因为地球有生命之源，海洋 because we've got an ocean that is the source of life.
它掌管了一切 And it controls everything.
掌管了天气的变化 It controls the weather.
掌管了气候的变迁 It controls the climate.
也掌管了我们呼吸的氧气含量 It controls the oxygen we breathe.
没有健康的海洋就没有健康的地球 Without a healthy ocean, we do not have a healthy planet.
你要如何连结这些问题？ How do you communicate these issues?
这个计划称为XL卡特林海景调查 The project was called the XL Catlin Seaview Survey.
我们想做的是向世界揭开海洋的面貌 What we wanted to do was reveal the oceans to the world.
人们会想像海底世界 People were engaging with the imagery,
他们会体验虚拟潜水 they were going for virtual dives,
但他们不会了解其中存在着问题 but they weren't understanding there's a problem.
所以我们得从头开始 So, we had to really go back to the drawing board...
我想我们很震惊地领悟到… and I think that was a shocking realization
旅程才正要开始 that we're only at the start of a journey.
（佛罗里达群岛 凯里斯堡礁）
好，这一个是在后礁 Okay, this one is gonna be behind, in the back-reef.
-这是哪一年拍的？ -1975年 -So, what year was this? -This is 1975.
-了解 -了解吗？ -Right. -Okay?
-了解 -后面这个区域… -Yep. -This whole area back here
（海洋生物学家）
-都是麋角珊瑚 -是 -was just thick with Acropora palmata. -Right.
-麋角珊瑚 -还剩下多少？ -The elkhorn coral. -And how much is there left?
百分之0.01 .01%.
大概是这样，待会就会看到了 Something like that. You'll see.
-好 -我们去看看 -Yeah. -We'll go see.
所以我们想知道 我们看到了什么 So, you wanna know what we're looking at.
这些全都是死掉的礁滩 This flat-- This is all dead reef flat.
都是死掉的麋角珊瑚 This is all dead elkhorn coral.
你可以看到很多骨骼 但都已经没有任何生命 You can see all the skeletons in place, but there's nothing alive.
这是1971年珊瑚礁的模样 So, this is what the reef looked like in 1971.
到处充满活珊瑚 This is all covered with living corals.
这是非常具有代表性的 This is very typical.
是佛罗里达群岛代表性的珊瑚 Very, very typical of the Florida Keys.
50年前，不是这样的 And 50 years ago, that wasn't the case,
30年前，也不是如此 30 years ago, that wasn't the case.
全都消失了 All of it, gone.
菲尔告诉我，我们已经失去了 佛罗里达百分之80到90的珊瑚 Phil told me that we've lost 80 to 90% of corals in Florida.
我完全不知道这些问题这么严重 I had no idea that these issues were so advanced.
（过去30年 我们已经失去世界上一半的珊瑚）
-我想可能是这一个 -对 -I think it might be this one. -Yep.
-早安，我是理查 -我是吉姆波特 -Morning. I'm Richard. -Jim Porter. Pleased to meet you.
-很高兴见到你 -幸会 Very nice to meet you.
谢谢你亲自过来 Thanks so much for coming down.
所有我展示的照片… So, all of this stuff that I'm showing in here...
都是1976年拍的 um, is from 1976.
-这是牙买加的愉景湾 -了解 -This is Discovery Bay, Jamaica. -[Vevers] Yep.
这是当时的景象 And that's what it looked like then.
（波特博士 海洋生物学家）
-这是现在的景象 -了解 -And this is a what it looks like now. -Right.
这个调查还没被分析 This survey sat unanalyzed.
只是一些零碎的照片 而不是完整的情况 Just little bits and pieces, but not the whole story.
他的照片刚开始 是为了科学用途才设计的 His imagery was designed for scientific purpose.
如果没有特别说明 并不会马上吸引你的注意力 It doesn't capture you instantly without explanation.
这就是我们失去的东西 This is what we have lost.
-这是过去的样子 -是 -This is the way it was. -Yep.
我爱上一个地方 进而展开我的事业… I started my career in love with a place...
现在那些地方都快消失了 and those places have diminished.
看到这样的损失非常令人沮丧 To see that lost is very devastating.
我遇过很多科学家 他们对这个问题… A lot of scientists I've met have got really depressed
都感到非常沮丧 about this issue.
我在广告业有十年的经验 Whereas I've had the experience to do ten years in advertising,
在广告业我们相信任何问题… where you believe any problem can be solved
（理查维尔斯）
在极短的时间内都能获得解决 in a ridiculously short period of time.
你只是需要发挥点创意 You just gotta do a bit of creative thinking.
-很好，谢谢 -谢谢 -That's great. Lovely. Thank you. -Thank you.
不好意思 你知道露丝在哪里吗？露丝盖兹？ Excuse me. Do you know where Ruth is? Ruth Gates?
教室在这里 所有纱窗都打开 Um, and the classroom's right here. All those screens go up.
（夏威夷海洋生物研究所）
我们进去看看 We'll go in and have a look.
很酷吧？ -Wow. Is it cool?
真是难以置信 Unbelievable.
好 -Okay, um...
（盖兹博士 珊瑚礁生物学家）
它们是真的在动 It's the fact that it's moving.
-非常惊人的是经过这么多年 -是 Isn't it amazing that after all-- -Yeah.
我研究珊瑚25年了 Twenty-five years I've been working on corals,
现在看显微镜 还是会觉得“我的天啊” I can look down a microscope and go, "Bloody hell"?
我懂… -I know, that...
我的理解是，这是动物，这也是动物 My understanding was this was an animal, this was an animal.
-对 -它们是一样的动物？ -Yeah. -Are they the same animal?
-没错 -但是… -They are. -But, um...
我知道它们是相同的动物… I know they're identical animals...
-对 -但它们一样吗？ -Yeah. -...but are they the same?
-是的 -所以它们… -They are. -So, they...
-它们是一个动物… -对 -They are one animal. I-- -Yep.
是一个动物 It's one animal.
好，但它们不被认为是… Okay, but they're not considered...
我以为一个珊瑚虫是一个动物 I thought polyp was an animal...
并不是 由很多珊瑚虫所组成的动物 not a coral was an animal with lots of polyps.
-这样合理吗？ -珊瑚是由很多珊瑚虫组成的动物 -That make sense? -A coral is an animal with lots of polyps.
但是珊瑚虫不是动物？ But the polyp isn't an animal?
可以说…是动物的一部分 Well... it's part of the animal.
了解，因为这个…没有人解释过… Right. 'Cause this is a-- No one's ever explained...
-珊瑚到底是什么 -所以你感到惊讶… -what a coral is. -Your amazement is,
为什么你都不知道？ why did you not know that?
-我怎么会不知道？ -我很讶异 -Why didn't I know that? -I'm stunned.
-这是… -你是聪明人 -And it's the-- -You're a smart guy.
你是怎么回事？ What's wrong with you?
有时候我对水底的珊瑚礁非常赞叹 I get completely overwhelmed sometimes, underwater, on a reef.
（盖兹博士 珊瑚礁生物学家）
因为我不敢相信这些结构 Because I can't believe that these structures
是由这些简单的有机体组成的 are sort of created by these simple organisms,
“看似”简单的有机体组成的 or "seemingly" simple organisms.
我对珊瑚有最大程度的敬畏 因为我认为它们把我们都骗过去了 I have the utmost respect for corals, 'cause I think they've got us all fooled.
外表简单不代表内在简单 Simplicity on the outside doesn't mean simplicity on the inside.
我想我们真的是有很高的进化程度 因为我们是高复杂的生命 We think we're really evolved 'cause we're highly complex beings.
我们可以做很多事 我们有左右拇指 We can do lots of things. We have opposing thumbs.
但是珊瑚… 决定“别管外表的复杂程度” But corals... they've decided, "Forget the external complexity.
“我们走精致沉默的路线” Let's just be really sophisticated in a quiet way."
一个珊瑚本身是由… A coral individual is really made up
上千只叫珊瑚虫的小结构组成的 of thousands of small structures called polyps.
（珊瑚虫 骨骼）
每一只珊瑚虫都是圆形的口 Each polyp is a circular mouth...
周围是触手 surrounded by tentacles...
（胃、口、触手）
它们可以结合在一起，在一只动物上聚集几百万只 and they can combine to be millions of them across a single animal.
它们的组织里有小型植物 They have, inside their tissues, small plants,
微型藻类 these microalgae...
每平方公分有一百万个 a million per centimeter squared.
住在其体内的植物行光合作用
The plants that live inside them photosynthesize,
珊瑚虫再从中获得养分 and the animal uses that for their food.
基本上就是体内有一座食物工厂 They essentially have food factories living inside of themselves.
随着动物长大 So, as the animal grows,
你会看到动物长出骨骼外 what you see is the animal is growing over the skeleton
将骨骼存在下方 and depositing the skeleton underneath it.
（骨骼生长）
它们在白天行光合作用 They photosynthesize during the day.
傍晚… At night...
植物休眠，动物苏醒 the plant's really essentially asleep and the animal comes active.
扩展珊瑚虫 They expand their polyps.
将触手伸出来 The tentacles come out.
任何游过去的生物 And now anything that swims by is caught
都被这些触手尖端的刺细胞捕捉 by these stinging cells that are on the tips of the tentacles.
珊瑚有非常多种 There are many different species of corals,
不同的珊瑚品种有不同的形状 and the different species of corals are different shapes.
有些看起来很无趣 就像是海底的一颗大石头 Some are very boring to look at. They look like big rocks on the bottom.
有些则是非常美丽 Some are incredibly beautiful to look at.
具有非常巨大的分枝型态 或是大型盘状 They have huge, huge branching patterns, or massive plates.
而有些看起来就像是花瓣 Some of them look like petals of a flower.
这些都是基本的珊瑚品种 These are foundation species.
有许多有机体依赖它们而生 They have all these other organisms that depend on them.
也因为它们 我们才有珊瑚礁 They are the reason we have reefs.
像这样有机体的集合… A consortium of organisms that cooperate together...
汇集成巨大的结构 that now manifests in this massive structure
就连从太空都看得见 that can be seen from space.
（南太平洋，美属萨摩亚）
在美属萨摩亚有一种很有名的珊瑚礁 叫机场珊瑚礁 There's a famous reef in American Samoa called Airport Reef.
我们听说有一区的珊瑚礁已经白化了 We heard that there was an area where the corals were turning white.
因为我们之前曾到那里做过调查 Because we'd been there previously to do a survey...
我们想回去拍下同个地点的照片 we wanted to go back and take the same images again.
（美属萨摩亚，机场珊瑚礁）
我真的对眼前所见的 感到讶异 I was truly shocked by what I saw.
眼睛看得到的珊瑚都白化了 The reef was white as far as the eye could see.
老实说我不知道该怎么判断 To be honest, I didn't have the knowledge to know how to process it.
它们是死了？ Was this dead?
还是活着？ Was it alive?
这是…机场珊瑚礁 This is... Airport Reef.
之前的照片，12月的时候 Before. So, this is in December.
这是现在的景象 And that's it now.
（六个月后）
当理查看到白化珊瑚后 When Richard saw that white coral,
对他来说这是一个转捩点 it was a turning point for him.
我向他坦承我认为这… I think I admitted to him that I thought this was far more deadly
（珊瑚礁学家）
比其他珊瑚面临的问题更致命 than some of the other things that are facing reefs.
我们看到 从1980年代早期开始 And so, what we've seen since the early 1980s
第一次发生这种情况开始 when this first occurs,
一直到现在 我们已经损失了大量珊瑚 we've actually lost an enormous amount of coral,
只因为这个现象 just due to this phenomenon alone.
我想那是他第一次看到问题的严重性 I think that was the first time that he saw the enormity of the issue.
这对全球的珊瑚礁都是一大威胁 That this was a threat across the planet to coral reefs,
因为这个现象会发生得很快 并且造成严重损害 which would happen very quickly and cause a lot of damage.
在80年代时 我们开始观察到这奇怪的现象 Back in the '80s, we started looking at this weird phenomenon.
大片的珊瑚礁白化 Large sections of-- of reefs were turning white,
只发生在短短几周内 literally over a couple of weeks.
而且没有人知道原因 And no one really knew why this was.
我们做了许多实验后 As we did more and more experiments,
发现这不是一种疾病 it turned out that it wasn't a disease,
也不是光害 it wasn't too much light.
在实验中唯一能导致珊瑚白化的… And the only thing you could do in an experiment that would cause corals to go white
（常温）
就是升高摄氏两度 was to raise the temperature by two degrees Celsius.
（升高摄氏2度，华氏3.6度）
在我博士快毕业时… By the end of my PhD,
我们在文献中提出警告 we were putting cautious words in the literature saying:
“也许是全球暖化造成的” "Well, you know, maybe this is global warming,
“这是对珊瑚礁 早期的其中一个影响” and this is one of the early impacts on reefs."
我们似乎认为气候变迁尚未定论 We look at climate change as if it's an issue in the air.
然后心想“摄氏一、两度？” And you go, "One or two degrees Celsius?
“真的有差吗？” Does that really matter?"
但是说到海洋 But when you talk about the ocean...
就像是你的体温改变 it's like your body temperature changing.
想像你的体温上升摄氏一度… And imagine your body temperature rises one degree centigrade
（平均体温）或是上升摄氏两度 or two degrees centigrade.
经过一段时间之后就会有生命危险 Over a period of time, that would be fatal.
那就是海洋面临的严重情况 And that's the seriousness of the issue when you look at it in terms of the ocean.
珊瑚白化是一种压力反应 Coral bleaching itself is a stress response,
就像人体发烧是压力反应 much like a fever in humans is a stress response.
如果温度稍微高于正常范围 If the temperature spikes just a little bit above their normal range...
珊瑚就会开始白化 corals will start to bleach.
而它们体内的小型植物 The small plants that live inside their tissues,
行光合作用和提供动物养分的能力 就会受到影响 their ability to photosynthesize and feed the animal host is impaired.
然后动物就会察觉到… The animal essentially senses that:
“我体内的植物没有发挥作用” "I've got something inside of me that is not doing what I expect it to do,"
就跟我们的情况一样 当我们感染细菌 and as happens with us, with When we get a bacteria,
我们会想尽快摆脱它 we try to get rid of it as quickly as possible.
那就是这些动物的方法 That's exactly what these animals do.
它们会想办法离开 这些无法发挥作用的植物 They try to get rid of those plants that are no longer functional...
留下透明裸露的组织 and leave behind the transparent, naked tissue.
它们失去了最重要的食物来源 They've lost the very most important food source that they have.
开始饿肚子 So, it's starting to starve.
当珊瑚白化 When the coral bleaches,
珊瑚体就会变得清晰 the flesh becomes clear.
你会看到下方的骨骼露出来 And what you're seeing is its skeleton underneath.
所以在照片上看到的白色部分 So, the bright whites that you see in the pictures...
就是散布各处的骨骼 is just the skeletons everywhere.
如果珊瑚外观非常干净洁白 If it's a very clean white look about the coral...
它仍然是活着的 it will still be alive.
只是它不让任何东西在上面生长 It's not allowing anything else to grow on it.
它会渐渐停止生长及繁殖 It will generally not grow. It will generally not reproduce.
然后很可能就这样死去 It is likely to die.
如果你看到毛茸茸的微型藻类 You'll see these fuzzy microalgae.
整个珊瑚表面突然变得毛茸茸的 The whole surface suddenly become much, much fuzzier to look at.
这就表示珊瑚已经死亡了 That's an indication that that coral has died.
可以标记那一张吗？ Oh. Can you, uh, mark that one?
珊瑚的白化很难解释 Coral bleaching is very difficult to communicate.
照片上看到美丽的白色珊瑚 You see a picture of a beautiful white reef.
到底是好事还是坏事？ Is that a good or a bad thing?
所以我们必须用不同方式来思考 So, we need to communicate it in a different way.
我在搭飞机的时候看了一部电影 《逐冰之旅》 I was flying on a plane, and I watched a film, Chasing Ice .
讲述的是消失的冰河 That film was about the documentation of the disappearing glaciers.
我突然了解到我们的主题近乎相同 And it suddenly dawned on me that we had almost identical projects.
所以我一下飞机 So, pretty much as soon as I got off that plane,
就联络了导演 I contacted the director.
摄影机每小时拍摄一次 The cameras are shooting every hour,
但我们只呈现每周或隔周的… but we're only showing every, you know, week or two...
理查突然寄了一封邮件给我 附件两张照片 Richard sent an e-mail, out of the blue, and he attached two photographs,
（奥洛威斯基 导演）
一张是健康的珊瑚 一张是死掉的珊瑚 one of a healthy coral reef and one of a dead coral reef.
我看到那些照片，脑中突然出现想法 And when I saw those photos, the light bulb immediately went on.
如果可以记录中间改变的过程 It's like, if you can document that change,
就能以强而有力的方式让大众知道 you can reveal this to the public in a powerful way.
所以我们从一开始就知道 这是我们想投入的事情 We knew from the start there was something we wanted to get involved with.
这些照片选择的标准… These images were chosen...
我们很早就在讨论缩时摄影相机 We started talking pretty early on about what a time-lapse camera could look like.
但我们忽略了一件事 But we were missing this one piece.
我们需要雨刷系统保持镜片干净 We needed a wiper system or something that would keep the glass clean.
理查和团队想要做水底缩时摄影 When Richard and the team wanted to do underwater time-lapse,
（雷哥 水底摄影机技术员）
他们请我们设计产品 they approached us to design something.
这一个…有点脏 So, this one is, uh... a little dirty.
我们设计出磁性手臂 We designed a magnetic arm
打开玻璃圆球旁的雨刷 that pulls a windshield wiper around this glass dome
持续保持长时间的干净 and keeps it clean for long periods of time.
刚见面时 他们要求的交货期非常赶 When we first met them, their deadline seemed absurd.
（曼德罗 水底摄影工程师）
没人做过类似的东西 Nobody's done anything even close to this.
我们要处理缩时和摄影机的问题 We had all of the issues associated with just dealing with the time-lapse,
而且还有许多未知数 the camera, but we also had just so many unknowns.
当你的摄影系统 When you have a camera system
必须连续潜入海水好几个月 that you need to be submerged in saltwater for months on end...
就代表将遭受强烈暴风雨 和飓风袭击 that is subject to huge storms and hurricanes...
承受海底巨大的压力 at depth, with all the tremendous pressure
几十亿公升的水压 of billions of gallons of water pressing down,
非常困难 that is very, very difficult to do.
如果我们要安装单板机 或树莓派单板机和SSH连线方式 If we're tethered to a BeagleBoard or Raspberry Pi and SSH in,
我至少需要12伏特 或许11伏特勉强可以 I need at least 12 volts. Probably get away with 11.
那单板机可以用 12伏特转5伏特的变压器 Then we could use a 12-to-5 for the Beagle.
-先假定300毫安培 -好 -Let's say 300 milliamps. -Okay.
一天12分钟 Twelve minutes a day.
-每小时7.2瓦 -对 -Seven-point-two watt-hours. -Yeah.
-好 -很好 -Okay. -Cool.
我想这应该很容易 Well, I think this is gonna be pretty easy.
他们利用3D印表机列印零件 [Orlowski] They're 3D-printing parts,
打造客制化电路板和无线热点 they're building custom circuit boards, they're building custom wireless hotspots.
这真的非常复杂 It is really, really complicated.
船上的人以无线网路 连接手提箱中的电脑… Person in boat wirelessly connects to a computer in a case
（无线台，电脑）
（手提箱，缆线）
手提箱连接脐带缆线 which is hardwired to an umbilical cable
再往下连接到水底遮蔽物中的路由器 that goes down to a router inside an underwater housing
（遮物 路由器）
遮蔽物无线连接至摄影机 that communicates wirelessly to the camera.
（缆线、雨刷 手臂、摄影机）
完成后直接拔除 When you're done, you just unplug it.
这是目前为止我看过… This is, by far, the most complicated thing
“潜入海洋”所制作过最复杂的东西 I've seen built by View Into the Blue.
当时，杰夫和理查不知道我是珊瑚迷 At the time, Jeff and Richard had no idea that I was a coral nerd.
我在办公室里，内心暗喜… Secretly, I'd been sitting in my office, really stoked
（雷哥 摄影机技术员）
我待在研究珊瑚计划的同一个房间里 that I was even in the same room as this project about coral was going on,
而我们同时在支持这项计划 and we were helping support it.
因为我最希望能够为珊瑚做点贡献 Because I wanted more than anything to do something for the coral.
它们是瓣叶珊瑚 These are Lobophyllia.
那杯状的珊瑚不是锐孔珊瑚 就是某种瓣叶珊瑚 The chalices are either Oxypora or a kind of phylia.
圆菊珊瑚、角菊珊瑚 菊珊瑚、脑纹珊瑚 Montastrea, Favites, Favia , Platygyra.
那个可能不是脑纹珊瑚… That might not be Platygyra...
我很小的时候就常接触海洋生态 I got involved in the aquarium industry at a pretty young age.
在科罗拉多山区长大 Growing up in the mountains and in Colorado
其实让我对海洋更加着迷 actually made my obsession with the ocean a little bit worse.
这珊瑚看起来充满生机 See, on this coral, there's a lot of life,
但也有很多死亡，这只剩下骨骼 but then there's a lot of, like, death here, so this is just skeleton.
很有可能，因为它太靠近… So, that could very well be because it got too close
真叶珊瑚，或许它们互相攻击 to this Euphyllia, perhaps, they fought with each other,
这一只把那一只刺死了 and this one stung that one to death, right there.
他非常爱珊瑚 [Mendelow] He just loves coral.
喜欢到家里有珊瑚水族箱 Even to the point where he has coral reef tanks at his house
里面却没半条鱼 with no fish in them.
没有人的珊瑚水族箱里没半条鱼 And nobody has coral reef tanks with no fish in them.
珊瑚的美丽 或者说为什么我爱珊瑚胜过鱼 [Rago] The beauty of coral or why I enjoy coral more than fish
是因为如果珊瑚死了 那一定是你的错 is because if a coral dies, it's your fault.
只要你不搞砸，像是打破水族箱 As long as you don't mess up and, like, crash your tank
或是杀了珊瑚，它们都会一直活着 or kill that coral, then they're all gonna continue living.
它们是不断运转的机器 They're just perpetual machines.
它们没有一定的平均寿命 They don't really have a life expectancy, more or less.
它们就不断生长 They just kind of continue to go on
只要环境合适 as long as their environment allows them to.
水母也是一样 That's the same with jellyfish, too.
水母基本上也是永生 但是它们会被很多生物吃掉 Jellyfish technically live forever, but they just get eaten by so many things
但这不会发生在珊瑚身上 that it just doesn't happen.
对我来说，大自然最有趣的就是共生 For me, the most interesting thing in nature is symbiosis.
两种不同的有机体适应彼此 Two separate organisms that have adapted to each other,
并且互利共生 and are now benefiting each other.
一起合作… They're working together, and...
我第一个想到的就是海葵和小丑鱼 the first thing that comes to my mind is an anemone and a clownfish.
海葵提供小丑鱼保护 The anemone provides protection for the clownfish,
小丑鱼通常会为海葵带来食物 and the clownfish usually provides food for the anemone.
这是互利共生的关系 It's a mutually beneficial relationship.
以珊瑚来说，关系更深层 In the case of a coral, it goes deeper than that.
共生的有机体本身就在有机体中 The symbiont itself is incorporated in the organism.
珊瑚没有这些小植物细胞就不会存在 The coral doesn't exist without these little tiny plant cells.
它们完全依赖彼此，无法独立生存 They are completely reliant on each other, and you don't have one without the other.
两者之间的关系… That relationship between the two of them is...
对我来说是世界上最有趣的事 the most interesting thing in the world to me.
颜色变化很平均 Is the color change fairly uniform,
-还是这样变化？ -不知道 -or does it do this? -Don't know.
-不知道 -不知道 -Don't know. -Don't know.
-鹿角珊瑚可能一夕之间消失对吗？ -以前没有拍摄过野生珊瑚 - Pocilloporas could go overnight, right? -It's never been shot in the wild before.
所以我觉得非常兴奋 That's what so thrilling to me about what's going on here
这会是我们第一次可以去问… is that it's gonna be the first time we'll actually be able to ask that
-和回答那个问题 -是 -and answer that question. -Yeah.
但鹿角珊瑚可能一夕之间消失对吗？ [Mendelow] But the Pocilloporas could go overnight, couldn't they?
对，其实很多鹿角珊瑚已经消失了 Yeah, a lot of the Pocilloporas have already gone.
-完全被消灭 -已经被消灭 -Completely wiped. -Wiped already.
但表孔珊瑚 是建立珊瑚礁非常重要的珊瑚 But the Montiporas are the important reef-building corals.
表孔珊瑚和扁缩滨珊瑚 是最重要的两种 Montipora and Porites compressa, yeah, are the two.
还有钟形微孔珊瑚 你看到的大型珊瑚 And Lutea, that big one that you saw. So--
孔珊瑚的组织厚度是多少？ And what's the tissue thickness on Porites?
它们可以小至半公分 So, they can be down a half a centimeter.
受精的配子会带有… Do the ga--? Do the fertilized gametes carry those...?
对，因为大部分在夏威夷 我们有大量的… Yes, 'cause most of them-- In Hawaii, we have a very high proportion
珊瑚品种… of the coral species that...
我们知道很难预期放置摄影机的地点 We knew this was gonna be incredibly hard,
（理查 摄影师） predicting where to put a camera down.
我们认为 “必须放在珊瑚白化的地方” We thought, "We just need to do this wherever the bleaching is happening."
-早安，马克 -午安，理查 -Good morning, Mark. - Good afternoon, Richard.
有点…让人沮丧 It's, uh... getting a little depressing.
是，我看过你的邮件了 Yes. And I've read your e-mail,
有关今年初开始的圣婴现象 which was, you know, about the El Niño starting earlier this year.
马克艾肯提供我们工具帮助我们了解 Mark Eakin provided us with the tools to be able to understand
应该前往何处 where we should be going.
我们看到的是… What we're looking at is...
我在美国海洋暨大气总署工作 I work for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or NOAA.
（艾肯博士 珊瑚礁监测员）
我们利用卫星测量 We use satellites to look at the sea surface temperatures
导致珊瑚白化的海水表面温度 that cause coral bleaching.
温度可以让我们确定的一件事是… The one thing the temperatures have shown us, with no question,
海洋温度的确上升了 is the oceans have been warming.
（海水表面温度异常）
海水温度有固定周期 Temperatures in the ocean go through normal cycles.
如果温度维持不变 If the temperature were staying constant,
那些气温变化会接近平均温度 then all those ups and downs would be around that average temperature.
但现在的状况是平均温度已经改变了 But now we've reached the point that we've changed that average.
高温越来越高 Your warm temperatures keep getting warmer and warmer and warmer.
第一次大规模的白化 发生在1980年代初期 The first widespread bleaching event occurred in the early 1980s.
1997年到1998年 是第一次全球珊瑚白化 '97, '98, this was the first global-scale mass-bleaching.
（全球首次珊瑚白化）
许多珊瑚白化死亡 A lot of corals bleached, a lot of corals died.
2010年，只过了12年 2010, only 12 years later,
我们看到第二次全球珊瑚白化 we saw the second global-scale mass-bleaching.
（第二次珊瑚白化）
现在只过了五年… Now, only five years later...
我们已经快见到 第三次全球珊瑚白化了 we've got the potential of the third global-scale mass-bleaching event.
基本上现在大约三分之二 Basically, at this point, about two-thirds
西北夏威夷群岛都有一定程度的暖化 of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands are seeing a level of warming
通常都有白化现象 where you're usually seeing bleaching.
压力等级相当高… The stress levels are high...
我放大了夏威夷的照片 I'm zooming in on Hawaii,
你可以看到温度… and you can see here, it's 4.7 degrees hotter
比一年当中这个时间 高了华氏4.7度 than it should be at this time of year.
然后再看看世界上其他热点… And you look at some of the other hotspots around the world,
华氏11.3度，高了华氏5度 it's 11.3 degrees, five degrees hotter,
比正常温度高了华氏8.2度 8.2 degrees hotter than it normally would be.
（南纬0度 西经98度）
地球上到处都有热浪来袭 There's this big heat wave that's traveling around the planet,
到哪里就杀死当地的珊瑚 and it's killing corals wherever it's going.
我们现在有一小段时间 This is a small window of opportunity that we've got right now
可以捕捉白化现象 并且大规模地与其联系 to be able to capture this bleaching event and communicate it in a massive way.
现在没有插入 There's no plug in here right now.
通常我们会先对这些摄影机 做实地测试 Normally, we would have done extensive field-testing with these cameras,
毕竟构造相当复杂 given how complicated they were,
但它们必须被放到水中了 but they just needed to be put in the water.
（丹佛国际机场）
有好多袋子 Well, we have a lot of bags.
我不确定机场人员是否会开心 I'm not sure how happy the airport people are gonna be.
外面完全防水 It's fairly watertight through the exterior.
猜猜看我们在做什么 So, guess what we're up to right now.
我们正在把水下太阳能板的塑胶刮除 We're whittling plastic away from the underwater solar panel.
不然无法带上飞机 Otherwise, we can't take it on the plane.
听好 Listen up. Listen.
99.5 Ninety-nine-point-five.
-这样可以吗？ -可以 -Is that good? -[indistinct chatter]
（海面温度异常）
根据我们 从美国海洋暨大气总署获得的资料 So, based on the data that we got from NOAA,
我们决定把摄影机放在夏威夷 百慕达和巴哈马 we decided to put cameras down in Hawaii, Bermuda and the Bahamas.
（科罗拉多、百慕达 巴哈马、夏威夷）
我们下去探查，找一些地点 We'll go down, we'll scout, we'll find a bunch of spots,
标记全球定位系统的座标 we'll mark the GPS coordinates.
就在那个角落 It's right around that corner.
（一号摄影机，巴哈马）
这和我以前水肺潜水的经验完全不同 This was completely different from any other scuba diving I've done.
（安德鲁 潜水兼摄影师）
和一般的水肺潜水不同 And any other scuba diving that one would normally do.
这是水中建设 This was construction underwater.
处在不适合人类的环境 You're working in an environment that humans weren't built for.
你也无法跟团队沟通 You also can't communicate with your team,
只能用手语 other than through sign language,
我们都不太会 and we are not good at it.
摄影机会装上这个板子 So, the camera gets mounted flush to this. This plate.
可以调整它的高度和角度 We can adjust the height of this and adjust the angle of this.
你处于零重力状态
You're in zero-gravity.
所以你想把东西放进地面 So, if you're trying to get leverage to put something into the ground,
你办不到，因为你漂浮着 you don't have that. You're floating, you're buoyant.
（三号摄影机 夏威夷）
（当心）
（四号摄影机 夏威夷）
-是雷声吗？ -那是天气警告 -Is that thunder? -[man 1] That's a weather alert.
-我听到爆裂声 -那是…对
是静电吗？ -I hear a crackling sound. -[man 1] That's-- Yeah. Is that static?
-我希望那不是闪电… -天啊，是闪电 -I hope that's not lightning-- -Oh, my God. That's lightning.
-Do you hear that? -Yes, I hear it in my microphone.
-你听到了吗？ -听到了，我从我麦克风听到 I think you should probably turn the cameras off. I don't know.
我觉得你应该把摄影机关掉，不知道 Can we get the metal thing down?
可以把那金属拿下来吗？
我不想碰 I kind of don't wanna touch it.
因为外面有真空密封的玻璃圆球 Because of this vacuum-sealed glass dome,
我们无法改变摄影机的任何设定 we couldn't actually change any of the settings inside on the cameras.
所以他们连接这条电缆 到船上的盒子里 So, they attach this wire going to a box on the boat on the surface.
有条缆线连接水下的固定装置 You have a cable attached to a stationary device underwater
插入非常精密的装备 and it's plugged into a very delicate piece of equipment.
成功，装好了 Boom, we're in.
来看看今天能不能用 Now let's see if this is gonna behave today.
你可以坐在船上拿着平板 And you can sit there on the boat with a tablet
调整设定 and you can adjust the settings
看到水下摄影机的动静 and you can see what the camera is doing underwater.
小心这条缆线，我们… Um, watch this cable. Are we...?
可以让我们靠近一点吗？ Can you move us closer?
我很紧张 I'm just nervous--
-缆线太紧了 -The slack is getting too tight!
拿着 Hold it.
拿下来给我 Hand it down to me.
我们被风打败了 因为艉锚无法固定 The wind just took us. The stern anchor didn't hold.
我们在漂流 We're just drifting.
真糟糕 Bummer.
淹水了？ It flooded?
那也会让缆线坏掉 That's gonna go down the cable, too.
有些事… Something...
好，我们来看看 All right, so, let's take a look.
基本上里面 已经进了几毫米的水 So, basically you got a few millimeters of water in there.
可能泼到了某个电气连接上 Probably splashed on an electrical connection,
-烧断了12伏特的保险丝，没关系 -的确烧断了12伏特的保险丝 - blew the 12-volt fuse. You'll be fine. -[Rago] It did blow the 12-volt.
这就是现在的情况 Here is what that's looking like at the moment.
我们试图把它拆开来清理 We've kind of tore her apart to access her and attempt to clean.
我的天啊，看看那惨状，好 Jiminy Cricket, look at that mess. Okay.
我们没问题的 We're gonna be just fine.
基本上我要你…直接从电池把12伏特… I basically would like you to take 12 volts directly from the battery...
（三号摄影机，夏威夷）
好，我们再试一次看看 All right, let's give this one more try.
好，全部下去 All right. Here goes everything.
有消息吗？ [Rago] Do we have a new message?
我们成功了 We're good. Oh.
我们连上了 Ah! We're connected.
（四号摄影机，夏威夷）
看起来真迷人，你看 That does look killer. Look at that!
真是太棒了，兄弟 That is brilliant, man.
我的电脑有一个资料夹 I have a file on my computer.
-好，我们成功了 -什么？ -All right, we're done. -What?
-成功了 -成功了 -We're done. -We're done.
太棒了 Yeah.
我现在好开心 Oh, I'm so happy right now.
真是太酷了 This is awesome.
在那之后 能做的就只有等待了 After that, there was nothing to do but wait.
我从小就一直很爱分类学 As a kid growing up, I always had this sweet spot for taxonomy...
我也不知道该怎么说 which I don't really know how to put my finger on that.
（查克 珊瑚迷）
我一直想去了解那些东西是什么 想知道科学名称 I always wanted to know what things were, and I wanted to know the scientific name.
所以我爱上捕捉这些小动物 So, I fell in love with catching all of these little critters
然后回来找一些指南 and coming back and having a bunch of guides
帮助自己了解它们是什么动物 to help me figure out what they were.
当我喜欢上珊瑚时 And so, when I got into coral,
只有从某个男人身上获得少数的资源 there were only a handful of resources from one guy.
他就是查理维隆 This guy, Charlie Veron.
每次不管我在查什么，他都在 Every time I was looking something up, there he was.
（查理维隆博士）
大堡礁大约有340种珊瑚 There are about 340 species of coral on the Great Barrier Reef.
有一个就在那里，大约六公尺高 There's one just over there that's about six meters high.
（1986年 《建造珊瑚礁》）
从各方面来说，他是珊瑚科学的教父 For all intents and purposes, he's the godfather of coral reef science.
他是第一位真的下水为珊瑚分类的人 He's the first guy to really go down and start cataloging corals,
我真希望自己可以成为那个人 但我生得有点晚 and I wish I could be that guy, but I was born a little too late.
这里有成千上万种珊瑚 Here we have thousands upon thousands of species all interreacting together
以复杂的方式互动 珊瑚有别于地球上其他生命型态 in a complex way.
除了人类以外，它们也有能力 打造自己的生存环境 Corals, unlike any other form of life on Earth, except man,
创造自己的栖息地 have the capacity to build their own environments,
想一想城市的样貌 to create their own habitats.
珊瑚是建造高楼大厦的专家 Think of a city. Corals are experts at creating high-rises.
它们打造了这个惊人的空间 They're basically creating this incredible dimensionality,
这个三维空间的架构 this three-dimensional framework.
结构越复杂 The more complex a structure,
生物多样性就越高 the more biodiversity can potentially live there.
在健康的珊瑚系统中 In a healthy coral reef system,
整片景观都布满珊瑚 the entire landscape is covered with coral.
彼此争夺生存空间 They're competing for space with one another,
朝四面八方生长 they grow over and under.
看看大堡礁，就像是海洋曼哈顿 Look at Great Barrier Reef,it's really the Manhattan of the ocean.
这个高多样性的复杂城市 This hugely diverse and complex city.
就像在城市中，鱼类住在特定的地方 And like in a city, the fish are living in very specific places.
就像是左邻右舍 It's a bit like a neighborhood.
回到左邻右舍，都会看到一样的人 You go back to a neighborhood and you see the same people.
一样的鱼住在一样的珊瑚中 The same fish is living in the same piece of coral
日复一日 week after week.
几乎一辈子都住在那里 They live there pretty much their entire life.
早上和下午是珊瑚礁的交通时间 In the morning and afternoon, you have traffic on the reef.
（凯莉帕斯博士 海洋生物学家）
鱼儿晚上就待在珊瑚礁里 You've got fish which have, like, spent the night on the reef,
然后会一起游出去进食 and then they go out to feed and all swim together.
所以那是繁忙的地方 So, they're busy places.
当太阳升起，会有早晨合唱的声音 When the sun starts coming up, you actually have a morning chorus,
跟太阳升起时 我们听见森林中的鸟儿 similar to what we get when we hear the birds
醒了过来，发出鸟叫声一样 waking up in the forest when the sun comes up.
当你仔细听，会听到呜呜的声音 When you listen closely, you hear things purring.
你会听到许多不同动物的 呼噜声和哼声 You hear the grunts and the groans of so many different animals.
完全不是寂静的世界 It's not a silent world at all.
其实非常吵杂 It's actually pretty noisy.
每只鱼、每种动物都有自己的工作 做自己该做的事 Each fish, each animal, has its own job, and it does its own thing.
有耕种的鱼 There are fish that farm.
它们会栽种小型植物或水藻 They actually grow little plants or algae.
然后会去采集一片水藻再种植 并照料那个地方 And they'll go pick a piece of algae and plant it, and look after that area.
有螃蟹和龙虾… There are crabs and lobsters...
还有小虾会防御珊瑚 and little shrimps that will do things like defend corals.
有奇怪的伙伴关系 There are strange partnerships,
像是热带海鳗会跟石斑鱼一起打猎 like moray eels, which will hunt with coral trout.
它们是完全不同的鱼，却会一起合作 Completely different fish, but they work together
在珊瑚礁中打猎，并且一起分食 to hunt across the reef, and they share the meal.
你会注意到嘎吱作响的声音 One of the things you notice is the sort of crunching noise.
这是鹦哥鱼 And this is the parrotfish.
这种鱼有鸟的嘴型 These are fish that have beaks.
它们会吃珊瑚，咬碎珊瑚 They actually eat the coral. They're crunching away at the coral.
当珊瑚被鹦哥鱼消化之后 When that coral passes through the parrotfish,
拉出来就变成沙子 it comes out as sand.
所以其实在每个沙滩 So, in fact, every single beach,
你都走在鹦哥鱼的粪便上 you're basically walking on parrotfish poo.
珊瑚礁对海洋至关重要 Coral reefs are hugely important for the ocean,
因为它们基本上就是动物繁殖场 because they're essentially the nursery.
我们说百分之25的海洋生物 都仰赖珊瑚礁 And they say something like 25% of all marine life relies on coral reefs.
我们有五亿到十亿的人 We've got half a billion to a billion people
仰赖珊瑚礁当作主要食物来源 that rely on coral reefs as their main source of food.
（艾肯博士 珊瑚礁监测员）
没有这些蛋白质，他们会缺乏营养 Without that protein, they're going to be malnourished.
他们的文化、生活方式 Their culture, their way of life,
还有经济，都仰赖健康的珊瑚礁 their economies are all reliant on healthy coral reefs.
许多帮助人类的新药物… And many of the new drugs that are coming to help humans
（波特博士 海洋生物学家）
都来自海洋 come from the sea.
有一种药物叫作前列腺素 就来自海扇 There's a drug called prostaglandin that comes from sea fans,
可以抗癌 and that fights cancer.
还有一种药物叫作苔藓虫素 来自珊瑚根茎 There's another one called bryostatin that comes from coral rhizomes,
一样能抗癌 and it fights cancer, too.
还有很多我们不了解的东西 There are so many things that we don't know yet
可以用来帮助社会 that could help society,
透过我们从珊瑚礁有机体中 找到的新化学物质 through the novel chemistries that we find on coral reef organisms.
珊瑚礁产生防波堤 Coral reefs are producing a breakwater
保护我们免于受到 气旋带来的巨浪侵袭 that's protecting us from big waves, from cyclones.
They're better than the ones that we can produce,
比我们自己建的防波堤更有效
因为它们随时都在生长重建 because they're growing and rebuilding it all the time.
珊瑚是生态系统的基础 The corals are the real basis of that ecosystem.
一座城市不能没有建筑物 You can't have a city without buildings.
而珊瑚礁也不能没有珊瑚 And you can't have a coral reef without the corals.
（两个月后）
我们回到巴哈马 [Rago] So, we went back to the Bahamas
收回一号摄影机 to retrieve Camera Number 1 after its time.
（危险，高电压）
（警告，电力危险）
我们祈祷有拍到很多画面 We're gonna keep our fingers crossed and hope we have plenty of footage.
希望至少有一个半月 Hoping that there's at least a month and a half.
有了 Bingo.
失焦了 That's out of focus.
全部都失焦了 All of these are out of focus.
真是令人失望 This is a big bummer.
对焦…第一个之后都失焦了 In focus... and then the first one after that's out of focus.
画面越来越糟，有看到吗？ And it progressively gets worse. You see that?
所有画面都失焦了 All this footage is out of focus.
几乎是不能用 And pretty much useless.
希望其他地方有成功 I hope they worked elsewhere.
（夏威夷，收回三号摄影机）
失焦了 We're out of focus here.
我以为没问题 I thought we were okay.
该死 Damn it.
所以画面多糟糕？ [Orlowski] So, how bad are the images?
很糟 Bad.
-不能用 -不能用 -Not usable. -Unusable.
-对 -非常柔焦 -Yeah. -And so, it's really soft.
对 Yep.
柔焦越来越严重 There it gets softer and softer and softer.
我没听过手动对焦会随着时间改变 I've never heard of manual focus changing over time.
没错 Yeah.
夏威夷的珊瑚白化了 Hawaii bleached.
情况是前所未有地严重 It had the worst bleaching it's ever had.
但我们没有成功捕捉到画面 It's just that we didn't manage to capture it.
我们花了很多心力把摄影机放到海底 We put a lot of effort getting those cameras down,
我们以为… and we thought we'd...
（当心）
已经做对了每一件事… 这是很大的挫折 we'd done everything right... and it's a huge knock-back.
更挫折的是我们知道时间不够 More so because we knew the clock was against us.
我们不知道白化现象会持续多久 We didn't know how long the bleaching event was gonna last.
我一直在看澳洲地区 I've been looking at the latest sea temperature values
最近海洋温度的数值 for the Australian region.
温度的确比过去高一阵子了 Definitely warmer than it's been for quite a while.
那海岸区可能会继续… That coastal area is probably gonna continue to warm.
-暖化 -对 Yeah.
如果你希望有白化现象… If you're into bleaching...
（贺葛伯 珊瑚礁生物学家）
-这是好的迹象 -是 -this is a good sign. -Yeah.
当然对珊瑚礁来说是很糟糕的事 Of course, it means horrible things for the reef.
30秒 Beat, 30 seconds.
查克和崔佛全力以赴解决问题 Zack and Trevor went all-in and just fixed the problems.
-从这里跑出来的方格… -我们改为固定的镜头 -The square that pops up on this... -[Rago] We changed to a fixed lens,
让我们摆脱所有焦距的问题 and it allowed us to get rid of all of the focus issues that we had.
我们换了更好的系统 We have such a better system going.
我有更大的信心会成功 I'm much more confident it's gonna work.
你看丰年虾
（丹佛水族馆 摄影机测试第二阶段）
好… Yeah. Yeah.
好酷，是魟鱼 Awesome! A stingray.
我正站在2500多个当中… I'm standing on one of the two and a half thousand or so
其中一个组成澳洲大堡礁的巨大台礁 enormous platform reefs that make up Australia's Great Barrier Reef.
很少人了解到这是地球上 Very few people can realize that this is the largest structure
由生命组成最大的结构 ever made by life on Earth.
（澳洲）
这些珊瑚礁 沿着澳洲热带海岸线延伸… These reefs extend along the tropical coastline of Australia,
（大堡礁）
长达两千公里 a distance of over 2,000 kilometers,
等于美国东岸的距离 the length of the entire East Coast of the United States of America.
（美国 大堡礁）
我一直很想去大堡礁 I always wanted to go to the Great Barrier Reef.
想亲眼看见它的美，一直很想去 I wanna see it for its beauty, and always wanted to get there.
那是我的目标，一直都是 That's the goal. Always been the goal.
兄弟，你即将从空中看到大堡礁 Dude, you're about to see the GBR from the air.
那其实非常令人兴奋 That's actually a very exciting thing.
想想它有多么巨大就令人惊叹 And it's just amazing to think about how massive it is.
而且都是活的 And it's all alive.
我们派了两队人马前往南部大堡礁 So, we're sending two teams to the southern Great Barrier Reef.
（澳洲）
我们派了杰夫和查克去克佩尔岛 We're sending Jeff and Zack to Keppel,
并派安德鲁和团队前往苍鹭岛 and we're sending Andrew and team to Heron.
（克佩尔岛、苍鹭岛）
（苍鹭岛，六号摄影机 哈利珊瑚礁群）
（克佩尔岛，十号摄影机，猴子角）
[beeping]
（Lumix相机）
摄影机放好了，开始运转 Camera's in and it's running.
这是最顺利的一次 The most smooth that any of these have gone.
比在夏威夷顺利多了 It was so much smoother than Hawaii.
接着我们开始等待 And then we waited.
等待热浪来袭 Waited for that warm water to come.
生物学家说已经有些珊瑚正在死去 Already biologists say some corals are dying,
出现白化，死亡第一阶段的征兆 bleached white, a sign in the first stage of death.
（电视新闻台）
这就像是世界上的雨林 You're talking... an event similar to the rain forests of the world
在短时间内白化 turning white over a very short period of time.
（今日频道）
每个人都会注意到 Everyone would be jumping up and taking notice,
纳闷到底发生了什么事 wondering what the hell is happening.
你可能会想 “这只是我们经历的周期” You may think, "Well, this is just a cycle that we go through."
早安，夏威夷珊瑚白化引起关注 Good morning. Coral bleaching in Hawaii has gained a lot of attention.
-非常多… -这绝对不是自然的周期 -So much that... -This isn't a natural cycle.
这是气候变迁直接造成的现象 This is a phenomenon directly attributed to climate change,
是最近几年才见到的 and it's something that we've only seen in recent years.
其中一种回顾珊瑚历史的方法是… One of the ways of looking back in time with a reef
拿珊瑚中心或是切开珊瑚 is to take coral cores, or slices through coral.
（马修 海洋生物学家）
你可以看见珊瑚的年轮 You can look at growth rings in corals
就跟树干的年轮一样 in the same way as you look at growth rings in trees.
（澳洲海洋科学院）
你可以看到规律的成长痕迹 You can see a regular, normal growth pattern.
这个珊瑚大约… This coral grows at around
（坎丁博士 珊瑚档案员）
每年长1.5公分 a centimeter and a half per year,
每一年稳定成长，直到1998年 every year, right up until 1998,
开始看到珊瑚白化的标志 where you start to see the signature of a coral bleaching event.
藉由回溯过去，一窥珊瑚的历史 [Marshall] By tracking back in time, by looking at the history of the reef,
我们非常确定现在看到的波动 we're absolutely certain that what we're seeing now
并非自然现象 is not a natural fluctuation.
起因非常明确是因为 二氧化碳排到大气层 The cause is, unequivocally, global climate change,
导致全球气候变迁所引起的 driven by emitting carbon into the atmosphere.
我想很多人并不明白 气候变迁正在发生 I think a lot of people don't realize climate change is happening
因为大部分被温室气体 困住的多余的热 because most of the extra heat trapped by greenhouse gases
都被海洋吸收了 has been transferred to the oceans.
（我们的大气层）
当你燃烧化石燃料 也就是燃烧石油、瓦斯或炭 When you burn fossil fuel... that's burning oil, gas or coal...
二氧化碳上升至大气层 carbon dioxide goes up into the atmosphere.
二氧化碳有困住热气的特性 Carbon dioxide has the property that it's able to trap heat.
所以大气层有越多二氧化碳 So, the more you have in the atmosphere,
地球上就有越多热能 the greater the amount of heat trapped by the Earth.
（贺葛伯 珊瑚礁学家）
就像是把多余的羊毛放进你的毛衣里 It's a bit like putting extra wool into your sweater.
大家不知道的是百分之93… What people don't know is that 93%
被困住的热气，都进入了海洋 of the heat that's trapped is going into the ocean.
（93%被海洋吸收）
那是很大的能量 That's a lot of energy.
如果海洋没有吸收热能 If the oceans weren't doing this job of absorbing the heat,
地表的平均温度会是摄氏50度 the average surface temperature of the planet would be 122 Fahrenheit.
（地表平均温度）
热带海洋正在发生变化 There are rates of change going on in tropical oceans,
如果往前预测 which, if projected forward...
代表珊瑚礁很有可能是… it means that coral reefs are a likely casualty
所有全球气候变迁的受害者 of any global climate change.
我发表在同侪评鉴的文献中 I published that in the peer-reviewed literature.
当时大家还没有准备好 At that point in time, people weren't quite ready for that,
很多同事跟我对质 and I had a lot of colleagues that were confronting me,
挑战我、攻击我 challenging me, attacking me.
他因为被认为危言耸听 遭到奚落嘲笑 He was ridiculed for this, for being an alarmist.
但随着时间经过 他不断证明自己是对的 But over time he's been proved right, time and time again.
我就是爱珊瑚礁，所以我这么做 [Hoegh-Guldberg] I just love the reef. That's why I did this.
所以我18岁来到这座岛上 That's why I came here when I was 18 to this island
开始研究珊瑚礁 and started to study the reef.
不是因为我觉得珊瑚礁会消失 It wasn't because I thought it was gonna disappear
或是我想对抗 名为全球气候变迁的问题 or I was trying to battle a problem called global climate change.
很不幸地，我没办法在看着它的同时 It's unfortunate that I can't look at this thing
看见它的美丽，我看到的是问题 and still see the beauty. I see the problems.
这美丽的东西 已经存在许久的东西… This wonderful thing, this thing that's been around for a very long time...
在我们的生命中、眼皮下 受到了威胁 is threatened, in our lifetime and on our watch.
不管我们多努力… And however hard we try to...
让大家倾听… to get people to listen, um...
好像都变成了耳边风，你懂吗？ it seems to be lost in the wind, you know?
（2002年，克佩尔岛）
（2016年，克佩尔岛）
（水下禅）
（在大堡礁的第37天）
暴风雨和天气是现在的控制因素 Storms and the weather is really the controlling factor right now.
风和暴风雨持续侵袭 The wind and the storms continue rolling through,
乌云密布 and we get cloud coverage,
在克佩尔岛这里可能不会有太多收获 we might not see a whole lot happen here at Keppel.
热带气旋温斯顿 [woman] Tropical cyclone Winston,
（气旋持续增强）
是南半球有史以来最强烈的热带气旋 the strongest tropical cyclone ever recorded in the Southern Hemisphere.
-最大的威胁… -这是第一次… -The big threat going forward... -[Rago] For the first time...
我们觉得自己 在对的时间来到对的地点 we felt we were in the right place at the right time.
当温斯顿飓风来袭，全都变了 And when Hurricane Winston happened, all of that changed.
带来了许多冷水和雨水 It caused a lot of cold water and a lot of rain
到南部大堡礁 to come to the Southern Great Barrier Reef.
（新喀里多尼亚）
一部分的我 很高兴这里的珊瑚不会白化 Part of me is happy that the corals aren't gonna bleach here.
其实我非常开心… Actually makes me ecstatic
（大堡礁第43天）
这些珊瑚礁能免于受害 to think that they're gonna make it through this event.
但同时我们又非常努力想捕捉这一刻 But at the same time, we've tried so hard to capture this.
我们必须做出艰难的决定 We essentially had to make a difficult decision
是要按照原来的计划 但是成功机率较小 to stick to our original plan, with less-than-ideal odds,
还是去查看大堡礁某些… or we go check out some of these other portions of the Great Barrier Reef
暖化的地方 that were getting really warm.
全部一直到北新喀里多尼亚 It's all of this to the north of New Caledonia
下方还有污点区域都是二级 and below and even these splotch areas are at Level 2.
简直就是珊瑚的灾难 It's just... nothing short of catastrophic for the coral.
（澳洲）
我们知道 新喀里多尼亚的珊瑚正在白化… We know now New Caledonia is bleaching.
蜥蜴岛的也是 Lizard Island is bleaching.
所以某方面来说是个简单的决定 I guess it is a simple decision in some ways.
（大堡礁第48天）
我们应该把摄影机移动到新的地点 We should just pick up and move over, and reset up at those new locations.
问题在于缩时摄影机 The problem is the time-lapse cameras.
要花好几周来移动这些系统 到时候我们就错过了白化的时间 It'll take weeks to move those systems, and we'll have missed the bleaching.
我们得想点别的办法 We're gonna have to figure something else out.
（大堡礁南部 苍鹭岛）
我关掉电脑，杰夫传了讯息 I went to turn my computer off, and there was this message from Jeff,
问我们多快能打包好 saying, "How soon can you pack?"
（阿克曼 潜水师兼摄影师）
我们要丢弃这些摄影系统 We were gonna abandon these camera systems...
每天在水下手动缩时摄影 and do manual underwater time-lapses every single day.
我想身为一个团队 我们了解没有回头的余地了 I think we, as a team, realized that there was no going back.
我们前往蜥蜴岛 We headed up to Lizard Island,
团队的其他人前往新喀里多尼亚 and the other portion of our team went out to New Caledonia.
（蜥蜴岛、新喀里多尼亚）
（北部大堡礁，蜥蜴岛）
这是最惊人的珊瑚礁了 It's the most amazing reef.
整个被破坏了 And it's just demolished.
好热 It's just so hot.
（水温华氏95 摄氏35）
感觉就像热水浴缸 我得把它捡起来 Like, it literally feels like a bathtub.
有人点一杯大可乐吗？ Anybody order a large Coke?
我们一直在讲珊瑚礁白化 Here we are talking about coral reef bleaching
还有全球气候变迁… and global climate change...
这里还有另外一个问题 and here's our other problem.
我们去蜥蜴岛时 When we went to Lizard Island,
我们没有缩时摄影机了 we didn't have our time-lapse cameras anymore.
我们的点子是 拿着一个三脚架和一台摄影机 [Orlowski] The idea is to take one tripod and one camera,
尽量拍摄各个位置 and get as many shots as we can in as many positions
尽量拍多一点珊瑚 并且每天重复一样的方式 of as many pieces of coral as we can, and to repeat that every single day.
9点15分上船，前往第一个地点 Get on the boat at 9:15, go out to your first site.
然后找到三脚架的标记点 You would find your markings for the tripod,
把每支脚架放在正确的高度 put down each leg at the correct heights,
然后便会有参照点 之后可以加上雷射光线 and then you would have reference points you could then attach the laser beams to,
然后我护贝第一天的照片 and then I had a lamination of the first day's shots.
接着拍摄两分钟的画面 And then you would take two minutes of footage,
再收拾所有东西 then you'd pick everything back up,
前往下个地点，重复一样的步骤 move onto the next site, and do the same again.
一遍又一遍 And then again and again.
基本上一天重复25遍 And you do that essentially 25 times a day.
我跟杰夫有60个地点 Between Jeff and I, we had 60 sites.
我们建造缩时摄影系统的原因 是因为… The reason we built the time-lapse systems was it seemed absurd
找人在海滩上多个地点扎营 to have people camped on the beach at multiple locations
并且下水做机器做的事情 感觉很荒谬 and having to go down and do what a machine is designed to do.
执行起来是场恶梦 Logistically, it was a nightmare.
架在正确的位置并且抵挡水流 Getting it in the right position, and you're fighting the current,
人常常会弹起来 so you're getting bounced around a lot,
膝盖到处都在流血 身体被割伤、筋疲力尽 your knees are bleeding everywhere, your body is cut up, you're tired.
It got to the point where you're spending four hours a day underwater.
有段时间我一天在水中待四小时
开始发生奇怪的事情 Weird things start happening.
不知道是不是很有趣 I don't know if it's funny.
这就是… It's, uh...
你做你该做的事 You do what you have to do.
（铃木）
我们收到报告 表示新喀里多尼亚的珊瑚 We were getting reports that the corals in New Caledonia
有非常奇特的行为 were doing something completely weird.
（新喀里多尼亚）
理查在那里，他说 “那是我看过最疯狂的东西” Richard was there, he said, "It's the craziest thing I've ever seen.
“我不知道那是什么” I don't know what it is."
“当地人也不知道是什么” The locals didn't know what it was.
我们不知道发生了什么事 We didn't know what was happening.
我请理查解释 I asked Richard to explain.
他说“不知道要说什么，它在生长” He's like, "Don't know what to tell you. It's glowing."
这非常与众不同 This was different.
The corals were... were fluorescing.
珊瑚…发出萤光
它们产生化学遮光剂 保护自己受到高温伤害 They're producing a chemical sunscreen to protect themselves from the heat.
你甚至无法用言语形容 You can't even describe it.
那是我见过最鲜明的颜色 They were the most vivid colors I've ever seen.
这是大自然最美丽的转变 This is the most beautiful transformation in nature.
美到不可思议的死亡阶段 The incredibly beautiful phase of death.
仿佛是…珊瑚在说… And it feels as if...it's the corals saying:
“你看我” "Look at me.
“拜托注意我” Please, notice."
我们每天从漂浮的餐厅潜下水 We were diving every day from a floating restaurant.
第一天还很有趣 That was kind of funny, the first day.
但整个想法越来越让人沮丧 Like, that whole thought just became much more depressing.
有点惊讶 Bit of a shock.
这是大自然最稀奇的现象 This is one of the rarest events in nature happening...
每个人却都浑然不觉 and everyone's just oblivious to it.
你不能责怪他们 我的意思是，只是… And you can't blame them for it. I mean, it's... It's just...
人性就是如此 almost typical of all of humanity.
发生这样的现象… This is going on...
却没有人注意到 and no one is noticing.
我们原先设计某个东西 [Rago] We designed something originally
做这个计划是不带感情的 to do this project without emotions.
当我们开始在蜥蜴岛做手动拍摄时 And when we began doing this manually at Lizard Island...
就开始有了感情 you have the emotional ties to it.
你在水里 You are down there.
坐在那里一个月 And to sit there for a month,
每天都看到身旁昨天才见到的东西 and every single day, watch something new around you die
今天却死去了… that you saw yesterday...
非常令人难受 it's just difficult.
（在大堡礁的第107天）
你忘了一开始长什么模样 You forget what it looked like at the beginning.
未来某天回去看的时候 And some days, when you go back,
坐在那里看着 and you're sitting down there, looking at it now,
一点都不真实 and it doesn't look real.
你…根本无法接受 And you-- It's not even-- You can't even accept it.
接着你睁开双眼 看到眼前的珊瑚都死光了 And then you open your eyes, and it's dead as far as you can see.
只有水藻和死掉的珊瑚骨骼 It's algae and dead coral skeletons.
这是身体，活的组织…逐渐腐烂 It's flesh. It's living tissue... that's rotting away.
真的非常令人作恶 It's disgusting, really.
（这是我最艰难的潜水体验）
我以为我们会发现白化现象 I thought we would find bleaching.
我以为我们会捕捉到 I thought we would capture it.
但我不觉得自己有准备好… But I don't think I ever prepared myself,
或真的认为我们会看到 or thought we were gonna see this.
（最后一天在蜥蜴岛）
我要离开了却一点也不难过 因为在这里很痛苦 See, I'm not even mad that I'm leaving, because it's just so miserable here.
当珊瑚白化死亡 When coral bleaches and dies...
你就失去了珊瑚这个动物 you're losing the coral animal.
这很可惜，因为它们很美丽 And that's a shame, 'cause it's a beautiful thing.
但珊瑚是…巨大生态系统的基础 But a coral is... a fundamental part of a huge ecosystem.
可以说是森林里的树木 It is, in a way, just like the trees in a forest.
如果没有了珊瑚礁 海洋当中四分之一的生命 If coral reefs are lost, we're affecting the life
都将受到影响 of a quarter of the ocean.
小鱼会消失，大鱼也会消失 If the little fish disappear, the big fish disappear,
你可以把人类当作是大鱼的一种 and then you can look at humans as one of the big fish.
去思考一个物种的命运很容易 It's easy to think about the fate of an individual species.
但难以解释的是… But what is a little harder to explain...
这是整个生态系统… it's the beginning of an ecological collapse
崩解的开始 of the entire ecosystem.
不只是种、属、科、目 It's more than the species, the genus, the family, the order.
我们讲的是整个纲的有机体 We're talking about the possibility that entire classes of organisms
都可能全部绝种 would go extinct.
（生命树，分类学）
当科学家说 他们在研究气候变迁和珊瑚礁时 When scientists say they're researching climate change and coral reefs
重点不在于是否真的发生了气候变迁 it's not about whether or not climate change is happening or not.
重点是… It's really the uncertainty
天气会变得恶劣还是非常恶劣 仍无法确定 between knowing whether it's going to be bad or really bad.
（贺葛伯 珊瑚礁学家）
（海洋温度投影图 海面温度异常）
我们看海洋的温度 有投影的范围显示 When we look at ocean temperatures, there are a range of projections
未来的变化情形 of how they're gonna change into the future.
如果取平均值，大约25年后 If you take the average, in about 25 years,
整个地球上 all across the planet,
所有海洋对珊瑚礁来说 都将因为温度过高而难以生存 the oceans become too warm for coral reefs to survive.
这表示每年都会有珊瑚白化 That means they'll bleach every year
并且无法复原 and they won't be healthy enough to recover.
珊瑚礁将无法继续生存和适应 Coral reefs will not be able to keep up, they will not be able to adapt,
我们会看到整个生态系统灭绝… and we will see the eradication of an entire ecosystem
（盖兹博士 珊瑚礁生物学家）
就在我们生存的这个年代 in our lifespan.
那是非常沉痛的声明 That is a very gloomy statement.
但不幸地，却是真实情况 But, unfortunately, it is true.
我们地球上的一切都息息相关 [Hoegh-Guldberg] Everything on our planet is connected.
我们现在的行为 就是把名为“珊瑚礁”的牌 What we're doing is pulling out the card called "coral reefs"
从纸牌屋中抽出来 from this house of cards.
真正的恐惧是我们将会抽出太多的牌 And the real fear is that we'll take out enough of those cards
导致整个屋子倒塌 where the whole thing will just simply collapse.
如果我们无法拯救这个生态系统 If we can't save this ecosystem...
我们会有勇气拯救下一个 面临危机的生态系统吗？ are we gonna have the courage to save the next ecosystem down the line?
我们需要森林吗？ [Dustan] Do we need forests?
我们需要树木吗？ Do we need trees?
我们需要珊瑚礁吗？ Do we need reefs?
还是说我们可以住在一片灰烬中？ Or can we just sort of live in the ashes of all of that?
（东北澳，昆士兰）
我们要去哪里？ So, tell me where we're going.
我们要去查理维隆的家 We're actually just going to Charlie Veron's house.
以前一天坐在桌子后面好几个小时 Used to literally sit behind a desk for hours a day
用查理维隆的珊瑚名单确认生物 using Charlie Veron's coral lists to ID things.
就像…他是老大 Like... he was the boss.
他就是我每天… He was the information that I used on a daily basis
学习珊瑚的资讯来源 to learn everything that I know of corals.
现在我却要坐在他的客厅访问他 And now, I'm about to go sit in his living room and interview him.
真是迈出一大步 So, that's quite a big step.
-你好 -你好 -Hello. -Hello.
-我是查理 -你好吗？我是查克 -Charlie. -How are you? I'm Zack.
-很高兴见到你 -你是查克 Pleasure to meet you.
我大学念演化生物学 While I was in college studying evolutionary biology,
在水族馆找到一份工作 I actually got a job at an aquarium.
所以五年的时间，我养珊瑚 And so, for five years, I grew coral,
用你所有的研究成果教导自己 珊瑚的分类学 used all of your work to teach myself as much of coral taxonomy
-尽可能学习 -了解 -as I possibly could. -Oh, okay.
所以要来这里我非常紧张… So, I was very nervous about it-- Coming here, so--
我不是你应该要紧张的人 I'm not the sort of person to be nervous about.
完全不是，但… No, not at all, but--
-是 -我想我只是想听到… -Yeah. -I guess I just wanna hear
你对随着时间看到的改变有什么看法 your perspective of the change that you've seen over time.
（约翰“查理”维隆，珊瑚大师）
那是…一种完全不同的心态 Then it was... it was a totally different mindset,
因为珊瑚礁永远都在那里，毋庸置疑 because the reef was there forever, there was no question about it.
-是 -我甚至纳闷… -Yeah. -I even wondered
你为什么会想要建造海洋公园 why you would wanna make it a marine park.
它非常巨大 没有一个能和大堡礁相比 It's so big, nothing's gonna touch the Great Barrier Reef.
但是发生了巨大的改变 But it's changed enormously.
在我人生中看到的… And this bleaching and the degrading of the Great Barrier
that I've seen in my lifetime...
大堡礁白化和衰退，我…
真的让我很沮丧 it really upsets me.
在蜥蜴岛，我们有看到发出萤光…或白化的珊瑚 Up at Lizard, we essentially have fluorescing or bleached corals
正在经历死亡的转变，被水藻覆盖 going through their transition to death, being covered in algae.
全部都是，对，没错 You covered the whole thing. Yeah, way to go.
对，整个混乱不堪 Yeah, the whole horrible, horrible, ghastly mess.
对，其实我们在那里非常艰难 Yeah. It was actually quite difficult while we were up there.
有几次我非常沮丧 完全不想待在那里 I got quite frustrated a few times where I just didn't wanna be there anymore.
我不想再看下去了 I didn't wanna watch it anymore.
我受够了… I was over it. And...
我很庆幸自己已经不是你这个年纪了 I'm glad I'm not your age.
我做好心理准备 You know, I'm ready to check out when--
当我看到大堡礁被破坏的时候 因为它是我生命中… when the Great Barrier Reef gets trashed, 'cause it's been the most...
物质世界里最爱的东西 loved thing in the physical world of my life.
我潜水潜了…45年 You know, I've been diving on it for 45 years.
我绝对不会 在我年迈以前停止做这件事 And I'm damned if I'm ever gonna stop until I go completely senile.
我会一直做下去 I'm gonna keep going,
只要我还能影响人们，我就会去做 and as long as I can influence people, I will.
-因为我们必须这么做 -没错 -Because we have to. -Absolutely.
我们别无选择，恐怕没有 We've got no choice. You've got no choice, I'm afraid.
-你必须继续坚持 -是 -You've gotta keep at it. You've got to. -Yep, yep.
不然等你老了你不会喜欢自己 Otherwise, you're not gonna like yourself when you're an old man.
你会想说…你会更喜欢自己… You'll think... You're gonna like yourself much more...
如果你可以说“我已试图扭转局势” if you can say, "Well, I sure tried to turn that around.
“也许我真的影响了人们…” And maybe I did influence people here and there and..."
别让任何事阻挡你 Don't let a-- Don't let anything stop you.
我去拿我的眼镜 Just gotta get my glasses.
失去大堡礁必定得有其意义 Losing the Barrier Reef has actually gotta mean something.
不能就这样让它死去 成为老旧的教科书内容 You can't let it just die, and it becomes an old textbook.
它必须…带来它应得的改变 It's got to... cause the change that it deserves.
失去大堡礁 必须让世界开始有所警觉 Us losing the Great Barrier Reef has got to wake up the world.
（夏威夷檀香山会议中心）
我们现在的情况非常有趣 We have a really interesting situation.
过去30多年，我们面临… Over the next 30 years, we're going to be facing
海洋温度和情况的转变 shifting ocean temperatures and conditions.
（世界顶尖珊瑚礁科学家）
因为我们有0.5 …And that's just a matter of fact, because we've got point-five...
（参与国际珊瑚礁研讨会）
我常常面对这些情况… I usually get to these things and...
你开始会颤抖 and you start kind of almost shaking.
我也有点紧张 [Rago] I definitely have a little bit of nervousness going.
怎么样算是讲太多？ How much talking is too much talking?
扯到自身经验好吗？ Is getting personal a bad thing?
比如说“这个地方对我来说 是最难以回头面对的地点之一” Like, "This one was one of the more difficult sites for me to go back to."
看得出来这真的对你造成极大影响 Really good to show that it actually affected you.
-没错 -这很重要 Right. -That's really important.
也很好 Um, and good. Um...
-只要你不要哭 -是 -As long as you don't start crying. -Yeah.
对 Yeah.
过去两年来 So, over the last two years,
我们从世界各地 we've been amassing a huge amount of bleaching imagery
收集了大量的白化照片 from all over the world.
查克会让大家看其中几张 Now Zack's gonna show you some of that imagery.
请上台，查克 So, if you wanna pop up, Zack.
我们过去四个月待在澳洲 We spent the last four months in Australia
记录了正在发生的白化现象 and we documented the ongoing bleaching event.
所以我要让大家看看 我们的团队纪录的画面 And so, I wanted to just show you what our team was able to document.
仅仅两个月 In just two months,
我们就失去了这个珊瑚栖息地 大部分的鱼类 we've lost the majority of fish life on this coral colony.
这个软珊瑚瓦解了 The soft corals disintegrate.
一片又一片的软珊瑚 Fields and fields of soft coral
转变成了贫瘠的岩石 that then just turns into a barren rock face.
我以前甚至不觉得有这种可能 I didn't even think it was possible.
这一直是大规模的死亡事件 This has been a mortality event on a massive scale.
（2016年 百分之29的大堡礁消失）
29% of the corals on the Great Barrier Reef alone have died.
光大堡礁就死了百分之29的珊瑚
一年就失去百分之29的动物珊瑚 To lose 29% of the coral animals in a single year,
真的让人对白化的规模非常惊讶 it's just mind-blowing, the scale of this bleaching event.
我想最让人惊讶的是范围有多广 I think the most shocking part was how widespread it was.
因为这几乎影响了… 'Cause it affected almost all the reefs
从蜥蜴岛向北到托雷斯海峡的 所有珊瑚礁 from Lizard Island north through Torres Strait.
情况非常严重 And it was severe.
（北区大堡礁 67%珊瑚礁消失）
这等同于失去… It's the equivalent of losing most of the trees
华盛顿到缅因州之间大部分的树木 between Washington, DC, and Maine.
不只是大堡礁 Well, this isn't just the Great Barrier Reef.
这是全球的白化现象 This is a global massive event.
有非常多地方正在发生白化现象 There are a large number of places that are experiencing bleaching right now.
所以我们需要帮助 And that's why we need help.
我们正在找能够接触当地珊瑚礁的人 We're looking for people who have access to a local reef
帮我们拍摄你们自家后院的情况 to help photograph what's happening in your own backyard.
如果你是潜水员，请加入我们的行列 跟我们联络… If you are a diver, please, join our effort and get in touch...
看到我们呼吁的人都一起加入 [Rago] Everybody's come together that saw our call-out.
现在这个时刻 我们正处于白化的开始 At this point, we are on the bleaching threshold
白化的警告 and under a warning alert for bleaching.
（墨西哥、圣汤母斯） 波纳尔、哥斯大黎加）
你可以看到我后面是阿古摩的珊瑚礁 Behind me, you can see we have the Akumal reefs.
基本上我们看到…那已经几乎白化了 Basically, we've seen... that one is almost completely bleached.
（墨西哥）
水温一直上升，珊瑚也不断白化 Water temperature has been rising, and the coral has been bleaching.
（德州东部花园、萨尔瓦多）
我们讲的是两年来的加勒比海 You're talking about the Caribbean, two years in a row,
还有夏威夷的情况 about Hawaii, two years in a row.
去年夏天特别严重 This last summer was especially horrific.
百分之25到50的珊瑚 已经死了很久了 25 to 50% of the coral is already long-since dead.
（夏威夷）
我们知道这里的水温 从2015年5月开始升高… We know the waters here started warming up in May, 2015,
（吉里巴斯）
大约比一般温度高了摄氏3度… to about three degrees Celsius above normal.
（吐瓦鲁）
大部分的轴孔珊瑚 这种最常见的珊瑚都死了 Most of the Acropora, the most common branch corals, are dying.
气候仍在变化。海洋温度正在上升。 The climate is still changing. The ocean temperature is rising.
（万那杜）
The El Niño this year has bleached what's left.
这里有些珊瑚礁受到很大的压力 Reefs here have been under major stress,
-就跟全球许多地方一样 -帛琉共和国 -like other places across the globe. -We're here in the Republic of Palau.
（帛琉共和国）
我在宿雾市… I'm in Cebu City, and...
（菲律宾）
上个月珊瑚不断白化 The corals have been bleached over the past month.
（峇里）
百分之75的珊瑚白化 大约一半已经死亡 The coral is 75% bleaching, and about half of them is dead already.
圣诞岛有大规模珊瑚白化现象 We now have a mass coral bleaching event happening here on Christmas Island.
（圣诞岛）
温度上升…
...degrees centigrade.
（斯里兰卡）
许多珊瑚礁严重白化 A lot of the reefs around Sri Lanka were heavily bleached.
现在正在发生白化现象 Bleaching is happening right now.
（泰国）
这里的珊瑚有大规模白化的迹象 The coral are showing massive signs of bleaching,
因此这里出现大规模死亡率 and for that reason, we have massive mortality rates.
我们发现… We've found the branch--
轴孔珊瑚、鹿角珊瑚开始有白化迹象 Branching Arcoporas, Pocilloporas have started to show signs of bleaching.
我一直在红海拍摄珊瑚白化的画面 I've been helping capture images of coral bleaching in the Red Sea.
最近这里发生了白化现象 Bleaching has occurred here, recently.
有白化现象… Uh, there was a bleaching event...
[overlapping reports]
（这一波白化现象是史上 时间最长、最致命…）
（且范围最广的威胁）
（按照现在的趋势 在接下来的30年内）
（世界上大部分珊瑚 将因为每年的白化现象而消失）
（如果我们放任地球持续暖化）
（我们将失去这个生态系统 数百万人将深受其害）
我很气自己… I get cross with myself...
因为我觉得自己做的不够多 because I don't think I did enough.
我了解发生什么事的时候 没有引起大家注意 I didn't make enough noise when I realized what was happening.
（查理维隆博士）
我做的不够多 I didn't do enough.
比我还好 Better at it than I am.
查克有所选择，成为奋斗的一份子 Zack has an option of being part of that fight.
也许查克会说“查理…” Maybe Zack will say, "Charlie...
“他只是个忧郁的老人” he's just a gloomy old man,
“我们可以改变这一切” and, uh... we can fix these things."
-没问题了？ -对 -All good? -Yeah.
（查理、查克和理查 正潜于大堡礁…）
（仅存的其中一片最健康的珊瑚礁）
（其并未受到最近 全球白化现象的影响）
你们今天好吗？ How are you guys doing today?
-很好 -你们兴奋吗？ -Good. -Are you guys excited?
兴奋 Yeah.
我们去潜水吧 Let's go diving.
潜水 Diving!
我看到一只鱼 I see a fish.
-看看周围环境 -我看到一只乌龟 -Take a look around. -I see a turtle.
-我看到一只乌龟 -我看到一只乌龟 I see a turtle. - I see a turtle.
在我心中，所有孩子生来就是科学家 In my mind, all kids are born scientists.
天生就是冒险家 They're born adventurers.
他们渴望探索 They wanna explore.
如果我们能让孩子保持好奇心 If we can get the kids to hold on to that curiosity,
我们的地球会成为更好的地方 then our planet would be a much better place.
我可以…看到一只魟鱼 I could-- I could see a stingray.
-那是什么？ -乌龟、鱼儿、珊瑚… -What is that? -Turtles, fish, coral,
螃蟹、海星 随便你说，应有尽有对吧？ crabs, starfish. You name it. It's all there, right?
那是乌龟
我们要带大家启程 We're gonna take you on an expedition
去看第三次全球白化现象 to go see the third global bleaching event.
我想体验过我的经历 I think having been on the journey that I've been on,
我应该是地球上最沮丧的人 I should be the most depressed person on the planet.
我目睹我深爱的… I'm seeing the ecosystem
生态系统… that I've fallen in love with...
在我眼前死去 die before my eyes.
尽管如此，我并没有非常沮丧 Having said that, I'm not actually depressed.
因为开始有了很大的改变 And that's because there's been a big shift.
你看到了我们对气候变迁采取的行动 You look at every piece of climate change action,
改善人们的生活 and it's about improving people's lives.
创造工作机会、减少污染、绿化城市 Creation of jobs, reducing pollution, greenifying cities.
基本上已经开始有了很好的转变 It's essentially a great transformation that is already beginning.
对珊瑚礁来说还来得及 It's not too late for coral reefs,
事实上对其他面对气候变迁挑战的… indeed, for many other ecosystems
所有生态系统都一样 that are facing challenges from climate change.
我们还是有可能降低气候变迁的速度 It's still possible to reduce the rate at which the climate is changing.
那是我们现在能力所及的 And that's within our power today.
都是能够办到的事 It's all achievable.
我们不是没有钱和资源 It's not like we don't have the money, not like we don't have the resources.
我们不是没有足够的智慧 It's not like we don't have the brains.
这场美好的转变是无可避免的 This is inevitable, this great transformation,
所以我非常乐观 and that's what makes me so optimistic is...
我们只需要推大家一把 all we gotta do is give it a bit of a shove.
（以下国家已承诺使用清洁能源）
（奥地利、贝里斯、不丹…）
（厄瓜多…）
（瓜地马拉…）
（墨西哥…）
（尼加拉瓜…）
（2017年春天）
（还有这些美国城市）
（麻州波士顿…）
（纽约水牛城…）
（加州德马尔…）
（爱荷华莫恩…）
（纽约伊萨卡…）
♪ I was just born, I was just born ♪
♪ I been crawling Till I learned to walk ♪
♪ When I met you, I was so young ♪
♪ I didn't know that it could fall apart ♪
♪ Tell me what do I do ♪
♪ Now I see what we've done ♪
♪ And I know that it's true ♪
♪ You gave me nothing but love ♪
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Till we see the pieces that'll break ♪
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Tell me how long will it take ♪
♪ Till we wake up ♪
（查克和崔佛将一辆校车 打造成珊瑚礁教室）
♪ Till we wake up ♪
（他们开始巡回 让全国各地的小朋友认识海洋）
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Till we wake up ♪
（理查跟他的团队成立了海洋机构）
（全力为一位客户服务）
♪ I been trying I been trying to tell you ♪
（就是海洋）
♪ What's inside my soul ♪
（他们发起一项企划 名为“50座珊瑚礁”）
♪ I been dying, I been dying ♪
（寻找和保护 可以成为未来种子库的珊瑚礁）
♪ But the ocean changes slow ♪
♪ And it's hard to see it ♪
♪ But I know that it's true ♪
♪ That I gotta be better ♪
♪ So much better to you ♪
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Till we see the pieces that'll break ♪
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Tell me how long will it take ♪
♪ Till we wake up ♪
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Till we wake up ♪
♪ Oh, I know we're gonna wake up ♪
♪ I scream in color ♪
♪ Tell me, can you hear me Through the waves ♪
♪ If we keep on waiting ♪
♪ Do we lose the things That we can save ♪
♪ If we hold each other ♪
♪ We don't have to let it slip away ♪
♪ We don't have to let this slip away ♪
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Till we see the pieces that'll break ♪
（团队回去取回缩时摄影机）
（这次全部成功了）
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Tell me how long will it take ♪
♪ Till we wake up ♪
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Till we wake up ♪
♪ I know we're gonna wake up ♪
♪ Oh, we're gonna wake up ♪
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Tell me how long will it take ♪
♪ Till we wake up ♪
♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
♪ Till we wake up ♪
♪ I know we're gonna wake up ♪
♪ Oh, we're gonna wake up ♪
-♪ Till we wake up ♪ -♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
-♪ Oh, we're gonna wake up ♪ -♪ Tell me how long, tell me how long ♪
-♪ Tell me how long will it take ♪ -♪ Till we wake up ♪
（本片献给所有…）
（有能力也将会带来改变的年轻人）